Biography

I am currently a Ph.D. candidate at NYU WIRELESS, New York University, under the supervision of Prof. Theodore S. Rappaport. I received my M.S. degree in Electrical Engineering from New York University in May 2025 (Thesis). I hold a B.E. (Hons.) degree from Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, where I was under the guidance of Prof. Yongjun Xu during my undergraduate studies.

I am seeking full-time industry, postdoctoral, and internship positions starting in 2027.

News

• [Oct. 2026] U.S. national-phase patent application filed on Waste Factor based power reduction.
• [Jun. 2026] Paper on liquid crystal antennas and liquid neural networks for hybrid beamforming at IEEE VTC-Spring 2026, Nice.
• [May 2026] Two U.S. patent applications filed: 3D environment replicas for AI, and ISAC imaging by CSI.
• [May 2026] Three papers at IEEE ICC 2026, including HoRAMA (first author).
• [Mar. 2026] NYURay calibration and validation paper published in npj Wireless Technology.
• [Dec. 2025] Two papers at IEEE GLOBECOM 2025, Taipei.

Research

My research interests include wireless ray tracing, material-aware 3D reconstruction and digital twins, channel measurement and modeling in the upper mid-band, AI for wireless, and energy efficiency (Waste Factor).

Projects

Material-Aware 3D Reconstruction for Wireless Ray Tracing (Sept. 2024 - Now)

• Supervisor: Prof. Theodore S. Rappaport (IEEE Life Fellow) and Prof. David Fouhey
• Developed an automated framework generating ray-tracing-compatible 3D models with electromagnetic material properties from RGB video, reducing reconstruction time from months to a few hours.
• Integrated MASt3R-SLAM point cloud generation, PTv3 semantic segmentation, and Qwen3-VL vision-language model to automatically classify and label object materials.
• Validated framework via dual-band measurements (6.75 GHz, 16.95 GHz) across 12 TX-RX locations in a 700 m² factory using NYURay ray tracer, achieving comparable RMSE to manual baseline. [Paper]

HoRAMA pipeline: MASt3R-SLAM point cloud from RGB video, PTv3 + Qwen3-VL material labeling, and NYURay ray tracing

NYURay: Python-Based Ray Tracer for Wireless Channel Prediction (Sept. 2024 - Now)

• Supervisor: Prof. Theodore S. Rappaport (Member of US National Academy of Engineering, Founding Director of NYU WIRELESS, IEEE Life Fellow)
• Implemented reflection, diffraction, penetration, and scattering propagation mechanisms in a Python-based calibrated ray tracer for high-fidelity site-specific channel prediction across the upper mid-band spectrum.
• Developed GPU-accelerated ray tracing algorithms achieving 100× speedup, enabling simulation of 10⁶ rays in complex environments in under 3-5 seconds per TX-RX pair.
• Created 3D visualization tools for spatial channel analysis, including transmitter-receiver placement, antenna radiation patterns, and antenna orientation.

NYURay Ray Tracing Visualization: 3D environment reconstruction with propagation path analysis

Waste Factor: A New Metric for Evaluating Power Efficiency in any Cascade (Jan. 2023 - Now)

• Supervisor: Prof. Theodore S. Rappaport (Member of US National Academy of Engineering, Founding Director of NYU WIRELESS, IEEE Life Fellow)
• Developed a novel metric, Waste Factor, to evaluate power efficiency in ANY cascaded systems.
$$W = W_N + \frac{(W_{N-1} - 1)}{G_N} + \frac{(W_{N-2} - 1)}{G_N G_{N-1}} + \cdots + \frac{(W_1 - 1)}{\prod_{i=2}^N G_i}$$
• Enhanced Waste Factor for data center analysis using power usage effectiveness (PUE).
• Simulated component efficiency impacts on Waste Factor at different frequencies in a 1 km² cellular cell.
• Extended the metric to analyze parallel/MIMO systems and radio access networks (RAN), and help drive decision making for wireless networks.

FR3 Radio Propagation Measurement and Modeling in 6.75 GHz and 16.95 GHz (Nov. 2023 - Now)

• Supervisor: Prof. Theodore S. Rappaport (Member of US National Academy of Engineering, Founding Director of NYU WIRELESS, IEEE Life Fellow)
• Conducted comprehensive FR3 measurement campaigns at NYU for 6.75 GHz and 16.95 GHz frequencies.
• Creating a detailed statistical spatial channel model based on radio propagation data from outdoor, indoor, and factory environments together with penetration loss and cross-polarization discrimination (XPD) measurement at 6.75 GHz and 16.95 GHz.
• Publications: [UMi] [InH] [InF] [Point-Data] [Penetration]

Capacity of a Binary Channel with a Time-Bounded Adversary (Feb. 2024 - Now)

• Supervisor: Prof. Sundeep Rangan (Director of NYU WIRELESS, IEEE Fellow) and Prof. Elza Erkip (IEEE Fellow)
• Derived the worst-case adversarial capacity for binary channels with a time-bounded adversary.
• Developed a method using random interleaver and thresholded LLR decoder to achieve optimal capacity.
• Demonstrated successful integration of the proposed method into 5GNR LDPC decoder architectures.
• Proved the effectiveness of the proposed method under various adversarial scenarios. [Paper] [Code]

Resource Allocation for Wireless-Powered Backscatter Networks (Undergraduate Thesis) (Sept. 2022 -Jun. 2023)

• Supervisor: Prof. Yongjun Xu (IEEE Senior Member), CQUPT
• Developed and optimized an energy-efficient, wireless-powered backscatter communication network using OFDMA and robust optimization techniques, significantly improving network throughput and reducing outage probability under imperfect CSI.
• Utilized the Dinkelbach method and variable substitution to transform the resource allocation problem into a convex optimization problem, solved using the Lagrange dual method.
• Demonstrated superior performance and robustness through MATLAB simulations, outperforming traditional backscatter and harvest-then-transmit algorithms.

Research Training Program of CQUPT (Apr. 2021 - Apr. 2022)

• Supervisor: Prof. Yongjun Xu (IEEE Senior Member), CQUPT
• Proposed a joint radio resource and passive beamforming optimization scheme for a downlink RIS-assisted wireless powered communication network with a harvest-then-transmit protocol to improve the system energy efficiency (EE).
• Jointly optimized the active beamforming of the PS and the passive beamforming of the RIS.

Industry Experience

6G Wireless and Machine Learning Engineer (May 2025 - Aug. 2025)

MediaTek USA Inc., Warren, NJ

• Supervisor: Doru Calin, AVP, Head of U.S. 6G Wireless Research Center
• Contributed to the development of MediaTek's internal ray-tracing tool and validated simulation results against real-world measurements.
• Built automated indoor reconstruction pipelines and performed ray-tracing simulations for outdoor-to-indoor coverage prediction across entire buildings.

6G Wireless and Machine Learning Engineer (May 2024 - Aug. 2024)

MediaTek USA Inc., Warren, NJ

• Supervisor: Doru Calin, AVP, Head of U.S. 6G Wireless Research Center
• Collaborated with the research team on TN-NTN (Terrestrial-Non-Terrestrial Network) coexistence solutions.
• Developed joint beamforming algorithms for TN-NTN coexistence and interference management.

Publications

Journal Articles

• [J1]M. Ying, D. Shakya, P. Ma, G. Qian, and T. S. Rappaport, "Site-Specific Location Calibration and Validation of Ray-Tracing Simulator NYURay at Upper Mid-Band Frequencies," npj Wireless Technology, vol. 2, no. 1, art. no. 8, Mar. 2026. [PDF] [BibTeX]
• [J2]A. Bazzi, M. Ying, O. Kanhere, T. S. Rappaport, and M. Chafii, "ISAC Imaging by Channel State Information Using Ray Tracing for Next Generation 6G," IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Electromagnetics, Antennas and Propagation, vol. 1, pp. 135–149, Sep. 2025. [PDF] [BibTeX]
• [J3]D. Shakya, M. Ying, T. S. Rappaport, H. Poddar, P. Ma, Y. Wang, and I. Al-Wazani, "Comprehensive FR1(C) and FR3 Lower and Upper Mid-Band Propagation and Material Penetration Loss Measurements and Channel Models in Indoor Environment for 5G and 6G," IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society, vol. 5, pp. 5192–5218, Jul. 2024. [PDF] [BibTeX]
• [J4]T. S. Rappaport, M. Ying, N. Piovesan, A. De Domenico, and D. Shakya, "Waste Factor and Waste Figure: A Unified Theory for Modeling and Analyzing Wasted Power in Radio Access Networks for Improved Sustainability," IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society, vol. 5, pp. 4839–4867, Jul. 2024. [PDF] [BibTeX]
• [J5]T. S. Rappaport, M. Ying, and D. Shakya, "Waste Figure and Waste Factor: New Metrics for Evaluating Power Efficiency in Any Circuit or Cascade," Microwave Journal, vol. 67, no. 5, pp. 54–56, May 2024. [PDF] [BibTeX]
• [J6]Y. Wang, Y. Lian, M. Ying, and S. Wang, "Attention Multilayer Perceptron Fusion Network," IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 83580–83588, Aug. 2023. [PDF] [BibTeX]

Conference Papers

• [C1]M. Ying, G. Qian, X. Wang, P. Ma, D. Shakya, and T. S. Rappaport, "HoRAMA: Holistic Reconstruction with Automated Material Assignment for Ray Tracing using NYURay," IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), Glasgow, UK, May 2026, pp. 1–7. [PDF] [BibTeX]
• [C2]S. Jia, M. Ying, M. Mezzavilla, T. S. Rappaport, and S. Rangan, "Distributed Uplink Anti-Jamming in LEO Mega-Constellations via Game-Theoretic Beamforming," IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), Glasgow, UK, May 2026, pp. 1–6. [PDF] [BibTeX]
• [C3]I. Jariwala, X. Wang, B. Meier, G. Qian, D. Shakya, M. Ying, H. Nikbakht, D. Abraham, and T. S. Rappaport, "NYUSIM: A Roadmap to AI-Enabled Statistical Channel Modeling and Simulation," IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), Glasgow, UK, May 2026, pp. 1–6. [PDF] [BibTeX]
• [C4]X. Wang, M. Ying, H. Chen, G. Qian, X. Liu, P. Ma, D. Shakya, C. Argyropoulos, and T. S. Rappaport, "Robust Hybrid Beamforming with Liquid Crystal Antennas and Liquid Neural Networks," IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Spring), Nice, France, Jun. 2026, pp. 1–6. [PDF] [BibTeX]
• [C5]M. Ying, P. Ma, D. Shakya, and T. S. Rappaport, "Multi-Stage Location Optimization Through Power Delay Profile Alignment Using Site-Specific Wireless Ray Tracing," IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM), Taipei, Taiwan, Dec. 2025, pp. 5169–5174. [PDF] [BibTeX]
• [C6]S. Jia, M. Ying, M. Mezzavilla, D. Calin, T. S. Rappaport, and S. Rangan, "Joint Detection, Channel Estimation and Interference Nulling for Terrestrial-Satellite Downlink Co-Existence in the Upper Mid-Band," IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM), Taipei, Taiwan, Dec. 2025, pp. 2771–2776. [PDF] [BibTeX]
• [C7]M. Ying, D. Shakya, T. S. Rappaport, P. Ma, Y. Wang, I. Al-Wazani, Y. Wu, and H. Poddar, "Upper Mid-Band Channel Measurements and Characterization at 6.75 GHz FR1(C) and 16.95 GHz FR3 in an Indoor Factory Scenario," IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), Montreal, Canada, Jun. 2025, pp. 3303-3308. [PDF] [BibTeX]
• [C8]D. Shakya, M. Ying, T. S. Rappaport, P. Ma, I. Al-Wazani, Y. Wu, Y. Wang, D. Calin, H. Poddar, A. Bazzi, M. Chafii, Y. Xing, and A. Ghosh, "Urban Outdoor Propagation Measurements and Channel Models at 6.75 GHz FR1(C) and 16.95 GHz FR3 Upper Mid-band Spectrum for 5G and 6G," IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), Montreal, Canada, Jun. 2025, pp. 3291-3296. [PDF] [BibTeX]
• [C9]T. S. Rappaport, D. Shakya, and M. Ying, "Point Data for Site-Specific Mid-band Radio Propagation Channel Statistics in the Indoor Hotspot (InH) Environment for 3GPP and Next Generation Alliance (NGA) Channel Modeling," IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), Montreal, Canada, Jun. 2025, pp. 3285-3290. [PDF] [BibTeX]
• [C10]D. Shakya, M. Ying, and T. S. Rappaport, "Angular Spread Statistics for 6.75 GHz FR1(C) and 16.95 GHz FR3 Mid-Band Frequencies in an Indoor Hotspot Environment," IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), Milan, Italy, Mar. 2025, pp. 1–6. [PDF] [BibTeX]
• [C11]D. Shakya, N. A. Abbasi, M. Ying, I. Jariwala, J. J. Qin, I. S. Gupte, B. Meier, G. Qian, D. Abraham, T. S. Rappaport, and A. F. Molisch, "Standardized Machine-Readable Point-Data Format for Consolidating Wireless Propagation Across Environments, Frequencies, and Institutions," IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM), Los Angeles, CA, USA, Oct. 2025, pp. 232–237. [PDF] [BibTeX]
• [C12]M. Ying, F. B. Sarpkaya, S. Bakirtas, E. Erkip, T. S. Rappaport, and S. Rangan, "Capacity of a Binary Channel with a Time-Bounded Adversary," 58th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers, Pacific Grove, CA, USA, Oct. 2024, pp. 801–805. [PDF] [BibTeX]
• [C13]M. Ying, D. Shakya, and T. S. Rappaport, "Using Waste Factor to Optimize Energy Efficiency in Multiple-Input Single-Output (MISO) and Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) Systems," IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM), Cape Town, South Africa, Dec. 2024, pp. 3170–3175. [PDF] [BibTeX]
• [C14]D. Shakya, M. Ying, T. S. Rappaport, H. Poddar, P. Ma, Y. Wang, and I. Al-Wazani, "Propagation Measurements and Channel Models in Indoor Environment at 6.75 GHz FR1(C) and 16.95 GHz FR3 Upper-Mid Band Spectrum for 5G and 6G," IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM), Cape Town, South Africa, Dec. 2024, pp. 998–1003. [PDF] [BibTeX]
• [C15]D. Shakya, T. S. Rappaport, E. Shieh, M. E. Knox, H. Rahmani, D. Shahrjerdi, M. Ying, K. Fan, M. Lu, A. Rumiantsev, V. Mallette, G. Fisher, G. De Chirico, P. Ghate, and S. McMahon, "Four-Port Probe Stations and SOLR Calibration Standard Design up to 125 GHz on 28 nm CMOS," Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference (APMC), Jeju, Korea, Dec. 2025, pp. 1–3. [PDF] [BibTeX]
• [C16]D. Shakya, M. Ying, T. S. Rappaport, H. Poddar, P. Ma, Y. Wang, and I. Al-Wazani, "Wideband Penetration Loss through Building Materials and Partitions at 6.75 GHz in FR1(C) and 16.95 GHz in the FR3 Upper Mid-band Spectrum," IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM), Cape Town, South Africa, Dec. 2024, pp. 1665–1670. [PDF] [BibTeX]
• [C17]M. Ying, D. Shakya, H. Poddar, and T. S. Rappaport, "Waste Factor: A New Metric for Evaluating Power Efficiency in Any Cascade," IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Dec. 2023, pp. 6735–6740. [PDF] [BibTeX] (Best Paper Award)
• [C18]M. Ying and S. Wang, "Self-Optimizing Water-Filling Power Allocation: A Hybrid Fractional Frequency Reuse Way," 2022 13th International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks and Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP), Porto, Portugal, Jul. 2022, pp. 208–213. [PDF] [BibTeX]
• [C19]M. Ying and S. Wang, "Capacity Analysis and Hybrid Power Allocation for Multi-cell 5G Networks," 2022 11th International Conference on Communications, Circuits and Systems (ICCCAS), Singapore, Dec. 2022, pp. 192–197. [PDF] [BibTeX]
• [C20]Y. Lian, M. Ying, S. Wang, and Y. Wang, "An Efficient Maximum Subcarrier Power Detection Scheme for OFDM-IM Systems," 2023 International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing (IWCMC), Marrakesh, Morocco, Jun. 2023, pp. 258–263. [PDF] [BibTeX]
• [C21]Y. Lian, M. Ying, S. Wang, and Y. Wang, "An Efficient Fast Walsh-Hadamard Transform Based OFDM-IM Scheme with Lower PAPR," 2023 Wireless Telecommunications Symposium (WTS), Boston, MA, USA, Apr. 2023, pp. 1–6. [PDF] [BibTeX]

Patents

• [P1]Theodore S. Rappaport, Mingjun Ying, Xinquan Wang, and Dipankar Shakya. "Systems and Methods for Synthesizing a Computer Replica of a Three-Dimensional Environment for Use in Artificial Intelligence Applications." U.S. Patent Application No. 19/693,207, filed May 29, 2026.
• [P2]Theodore S. Rappaport, Mingjun Ying, Marwa Chafii, and Ahmad Bazzi. "Integrated Sensing and Communication Imaging by Channel State Information." U.S. Patent Application No. 19/693,223, filed May 29, 2026.
• [P3]Theodore S. Rappaport, Mingjun Ying, Dipankar Shakya, and Ojas Kanhere. "System and Method of Waste Factor Based Power Consumption Reducing Data Communication and Processing." U.S. Patent Application No. 19/882,101, filed Oct. 2, 2026.
• [P4]Yongjun Xu, Mingjun Ying, and Qianbin Chen. "A Robust Energy Efficiency Optimization Method for RIS-Assisted WPCNs." Chinese Patent CN113613273A, Nov. 5, 2021. [Link]
• [P5]Yongjun Xu, Mingjun Ying, and Jihua Zhou. "A Robust Resources Allocation Algorithm for RIS-Enhanced WPCNs." Chinese Patent CN113825159A, Dec. 21, 2021. [Link]

Honors and Awards

• Best Paper Award, IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM) 2023
• Li Publication Award, NYU Tandon School of Engineering
• National Scholarship, Chinese Government (Top 1%)
• Ernst Weber Fellowship, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, NYU
• Meritorious Winner, International Mathematical Contest in Modeling (MCM), 2022
• National Second Prize, Contemporary Undergraduate Mathematical Contest in Modeling, 2021

Professional Activities

Journal Reviewer

• Proceedings of the IEEE
• IEEE TWC
• IEEE TCOM
• IEEE TAP
• IEEE TVT
• IEEE Wireless Communications Magazine
• IEEE Communications Magazine
• IEEE Communications Letters
• IEEE WCL
• IEEE OJ-COMS
• China Communications

Technical Program Committee

• TPC Member, IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC) 2026
• TPC Member, IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM) 2025
• TPC Reviewer, International Conference on Wireless Communications and Signal Processing (WCSP) 2025

Conference Reviewer

• IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)
• IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)
• IEEE International Conference on Wireless Communications and Signal Processing (WCSP)